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Wound Classification

Classifies surgical wounds to predict surgical site infection risk and guide antibiotic prophylaxis

Indication

  • Classifies surgical wounds to predict surgical site infection risk and guide antibiotic prophylaxis

Criteria

  • id: wound_class; label: Wound Classification; type: options; options: label: Class I — Clean (uninfected, no inflammation, closed primarily, no GI/GU/respiratory tract entered); value: 1; label: Class II — Clean-Contaminated (GI/GU/respiratory tract entered under controlled conditions without unusual contamination); value: 2; label: Class III — Contaminated (open/fresh traumatic wound, major break in sterile technique, gross GI spillage); value: 3; label: Class IV — Dirty-Infected (old traumatic wound with retained devitalized tissue, existing infection or perforated viscera); value: 4

Interpretation

  • function(score) { var data = [ { tier: 'Class I — Clean', action: 'SSI rate ~1-2%. Single dose prophylaxis (if indicated). Primary closure.', color: 'green' }, { tier: 'Class II — Clean-Contaminated', action: 'SSI rate ~3-5%. Perioperative prophylaxis recommended. Primary closure.', color: 'green' }, { tier: 'Class III — Contaminated', action: 'SSI rate ~5-10%. Therapeutic antibiotics likely needed. Consider delayed primary closure.', color: 'yellow' }, { tier: 'Class IV — Dirty', action: 'SSI rate ~10-40%. Therapeutic antibiotics required. Open wound management likely.', color: 'red' }, ]; var idx = Math.min(score - 1, 3); return { risk: 'Class ' + score, tier: data[idx].tier, action: data[idx].action, color: data[idx].color }; }

Clinical pearls

  • Class I: antibiotic prophylaxis only needed for implant or high-risk patient
  • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy without gallbladder perforation = Class II
  • Classification is assigned at the END of the case based on intraoperative findings

Source and review

  • CDC Surgical Wound Classification. Last reviewed: 2024-11-01